| Macro Virus | Un macro virus este asemănător unuia standard, mai puţin în modalitatea de livrare. În loc să fie un cod scris într-un limbaj de programare şi ataşat unui executabil, este cod scris ţntr-o limba macro, ataşat unui document.
El poate fi ascoiat cu orice aplicaţie care are propriul limbaj macro.
Majoritatea viruşilor macro sunt viruşi MS Word, deoarece limbajul macro al Word-ului este foarte puternic, versatil şi uşor de utilizat. De asemenea, este o platformă utilizată intens.
Virusul este situat in şablonul ataşat documentului, nu în documentul propriu-zis. Recepţionarea unui e-mail cu un document virusat nu infectează direct persoana care îl primeşte. Acest lucru este posibil doar dacă este deschis documentul Word.
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| Mail Bomb | Reprezintă trimiterea unor cantităţi semnificative de text fără sens către o adresă de e-mail specifică. Scopul este de a enerva pe cel care recepţionează, sau chiar să atace sistemul acestuia. |
| Mailing List | A mailing list is an automated e-mail distribution mechanism for a defined subject (the list topic) to a registered readership (a list of e-mail addresses). Often just called 'lists', there are innumerable mailing lists on the Internet catering for every subject under the sun.
Lists are controlled by the list 'owner' - usually the person or organisation that set it up, and probably the owner of the server on which it is run. People registered on the list are known as list 'members'.
Basically, if a list member has something interesting to say or ask, he or she sends an e-mail message to the list. The message is then copied to every other member of the list - each of whom may respond or not in the same way. Mailing lists thus become important methods of circulating information across a geographically dispersed but topically constrained readership.
There are several 'Lists' that all security professionals should join. Rather than specify them here, we strongly recommend everyone to search the Internet looking for 'security mail list', and to join the more pertinent lists.
Lists may be moderated (that is, the list owner will specifically allow or disallow each message), or unmoderated (that is, no censorship is used, and all messages are allowed automatically). A list member who never posts messages to the list but just 'listens in' to learn about the subject matter is called a 'lurker' (which is not generally considered to be a disparaging term). |
| Malware | Malware este termenul generic al software-ului creat pentru a face rău. Nu este un termen de uz general, însă are parte de o creştere a popularităţii când vine vorba de viruşi, Troieni sau viermi. |
| MD4 | Designed by Ronald Rivest and released in 1990, MD4 is a cryptographic hash algorithm that calculates a 128-bit number.
Weaknesses have been discovered in MD4, and it should no longer be used. |
| MD5 | MD5 is a cryptographic hash algorithm released by Ronald Rivest in 1992, and designed to be an improvement on MD4. Like MD4, it produces a 128-bit output number.
Research has indicated that MD5 cannot guarantee to generate collision free outputs. Furthermore, current thinking suggests that a hash function should be at least 160-bits in order to provide resistance to a birthday attack.
MD5 is no longer recommended. |
| Metamorphic virus | Virus that changes its own code but keeps the same functionality from one infection to another. |
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